Laboratory manual of standardized methods for analysis of pesticide and antibiotic residues in aquaculture products
Ilda G. Borlongan
Joyce Ng Poh Chuan
SOUTHEAST ASIAN FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT CENTER
Aquaculture and Marine Fisheries Research Department
GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN TRUST FUND
On the Cover
Laboratory manual of standardized
methods for the analysis of
pesticide and antibiotic residues
in aquaculture products
ISBN: 9718511660
Published by:
Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
Aquaculture Department
Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines
Copyright @ 2004
Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center
Aquaculture Department
Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy,
recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without the
permission in writing from the publisher.
For inquiries: SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department 5021 Tigbauan, Iloilo,
Philippines
Fax: 63-33-335-1008
E-mail: aqdchief@aqd.seafdec.org.ph
AQD website: http://www.seafdec.org.ph
Aquaculture production in Southeast
Asia has grown rapidly and is now a major contributor to food supply worldwide.
The use of chemicals in aquaculture systems for various purposes is widely
recognized. While aquaculturists acknowledge that some operations are reliant on
chemical usage, they also realize the potential danger associated with chemical
misuse. The increasing use of chemicals in aquaculture has led to widespread
public concern because pesticide and antibiotic residues could eventually end up
in aquaculture products. Because of their potential adverse effect on human
health, governments worldwide set limits on allowable levels of chemical
residues in food and animal feeds and monitor these levels. The monitoring and
enforcement actions are, however, dependent on the technical capability to
detect residues. Realizing this need, the Government of Japan through the Trust
Fund's Fish Disease Project funded a project to standardize methodologies for
detection of pesticide and antibiotic residues in aquaculture products. Two
separate studies were implemented by the Aquaculture Department of the Southeast
Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC/AQD, Philippines) and the Marine
Fisheries Research Department (SEAFDEC/MFRD, Singapore) on pesticide and
antibiotic residues, respectively. The results of these studies are the basis
for this manual, which will benefit all those involved in the monitoring and
enforcement aspects of chemical residue limits in aquaculture products in the
region.
Dr. Kazuya Nagasawa
Fish Disease Project Leader
Government of Japan Trust Fund
The Government of Japan (GOJ) - Trust Fund through SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department provided financial support for publication of this manual. Dr. Yasuo Inui, the first Fish Disease Project Leader of the GOJ - Trust Fund Project laid down the ground-work for the smooth conduct of the project. Ms. Lai-Kim Tan-Low of MFRD was the study leader of the antibiotic residue project. We thank Dr. Relicardo M. Coloso and Ms. Milagros Castanos for reviewing the manuscript and Engr. Nelson Golez for the cover design.
Preface
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: DETECTION OF ANTIBIOTIC RESIDUES IN
AQUACULTURE PRODUCTS
Introduction
Determination of Oxolinic Acid by HPLC-fluorescence Method
Principle
Apparatus
Reagents
Sampling Procedure
Procedure
Calculation
Method Validation
References
Determination of Oxytetracycline, Tetracycline and Chlortetracycline by HPLC-fluorescence
Method
Principle
Apparatus
Reagents
Sampling Procedure
Procedure
Calculation
Method Validation
References
Chapter 2: DETECTION OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN AQUACULTURE PRODUCTS
Introduction
Preparation of Samples
Multi-residue Method
Principle
Reagents
Extraction
Clean-up
Petroleum Ether-Acetonitrile Partitioning
Florisil Column Clean-up
Magnesia Column Clean-up
Detection and Quantitation by Gas Chromatography
Gas Chromatographic Conditions
Procedure
Determination of Pesticide Residues in Non-fatty Samples
Principle
Reagents
Extraction
Calculation of Equivalent Sample Weight
Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Residues
Extraction
Clean up (Florisil Column)
Determination of Carbamate Residues
Principle
Reagents
Extraction and Clean-up
Method Validation
Limits of Detection
References